Political Systems Quiz 1

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Political Systems Quiz 1

{{#professor:Quiz #19.1 - Political Systems}}

  

1 Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they

needed to defend their nations against threats from the Western Hemisphere
thought that all people should have the right to a good ruler
had been given their power to govern from God
thought that communism was the superior political system

2 The feudal systems in both medieval Europe and early Japan were characterized by

a decentralized political system
religious diversity
an increased emphasis on education
the development of a wealthy middle class

3 The political system of the ancient Roman Empire was characterized by

a strong central government
rule by a coalition of emperors and religious leaders
universal suffrage in national elections
strict adherence to constitutional principles

4 The political reorganization of Russia after the Communist Revolution of 1917 resulted in

the establishment of a two-party political system
increased political power for ethnic minorities
a limited monarchy with the Czar as a figurehead
a federation of socialist republics

5 "The Soviet people want a clear perspective . . . unconditional democracy . . . Glasnost in all things, big and small . . . respect for hard work . . . and faithful service for the cause and the good of society."

The main idea of this quotation is that

the political system of a Communist nation cannot be changed
foreign aid is needed to achieve economic stability
the nation has been damaged by civil unrest
both the government and the people must make major changes

6 Which situation resulted from the 1959 Cuban Revolution?

Cuba adopted a communistic economic and political system.
Cuba was denied admission to the United Nations.
All social classes united to support the new government.
The power of the Roman Catholic Church in Cuba was greatly increased.

7 Which type of political system did V. I. Lenin, Adolf Hitler, and Benito Mussolini establish in their countries?

constitutional monarchy
totalitarianism
representative democracy
theocracy

8 Which political system is the basis of Japan's government today?

parliamentary democracy
military dictatorship
absolute monarchy
national socialism

9 Which belief is common to both 17th-century absolutism and 20th-century totalitarianism?

A two-party political system is essential for a stable society.
Separation of church and state should be encouraged.
Dissenters are dangerous and should be punished.
The state should establish a strong public school system.

10 Which term best describes the political system in Russia before the 20th century?

constitutional republic
absolute monarchy
parliamentary democracy
military dictatorship

11 ". . . for the administration is in the hands of the many and not of the few . . . an Athenian citizen does not neglect the state because he takes care of his own household.... We alone regard a man who takes no interest in public affairs not as a harmless but as a useless character...." –Pericles, 431 B.C.

Which type of political system does this quotation suggest that people of ancient Athens valued?

monarchy
aristocracy
democracy
autocracy

12 The overthrow of the Shah of Iran in 1979 resulted in a

Communist government allied with the Soviet Union
monarchy opposed to constitutional changes
government run by Islamic fundamentalist leaders
government influenced by Iraq and Syria

13 In Europe during the Middle Ages, the force that provided unification and stability was the

central government in Rome
military alliance between France and Germany
federation of the craft guilds
Roman Catholic Church

14 One result of British colonialism in India was that India

adopted a parliamentary system of government
developed religious unity
supported Western foreign policies in the United Nations
created Programs to increase its population

15 Which quotation was most likely made by an absolute monarch?

“The government that governs best, governs least.”
“I am the state.”
“The government must be based on a sound constitution.”
“It is the parliament that must make the laws.”

16 In Latin America which situation has usually resulted when military leaders seize power?

Democratic rule by civilian government is quickly restored.
Alliances are formed with Communist nations.
Dictatorships are established.
Divisions between the social classes are eliminated.

17 The Cuban Revolution in 1959 and the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua in 1979 were similar in that both resulted in the

strengthening of the role of the Catholic Church in the national government
protection of human rights and civil liberties
rise to power of authoritarian governments that promised to raise the standard of living
refusal of the Soviet Union to provide aid to the new governments

18 A characteristic of both European and Japanese feudalism was

a decentralized government
the adoption of Christianity
an open democratic society
the many opportunities for social mobility

19 The Confucian view of government and the Chinese Communist view of government were similar in that both stressed

loyalty to the government
the need for filial piety
a civil service system
equality of men and women

20 Louis XIV and Peter the Great would most likely agree with the expression

“government should leave businesses alone”
“countries should settle differences without war”
“do not question government authority”
“all men are created with natural rights"

21 A totalitarian society is one in which

the government controls most aspects of life
religious beliefs are supported by the government
the state is considered a servant of the citizens
citizens can publicly criticize the actions of the leaders

22 During the mid-1930s, which characteristic was common to Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, and Communist Russia?

government ownership of the means of production and distribution
one-party system that denied basic human rights
encouragement of individual freedom of expression in the arts
emphasis on consumer goods rather than on weapons

23 Which statement represents a characteristic of democracy?

Religious leaders control government policy.
Citizens are the source of power in government.
The government limits the thoughts and actions of the people.
The laws of the government are made by influential military officers.

24 Which statement most likely represents the view of a citizen of ancient Athens visiting Sparta?

"The government and society in Sparta are so strict. The people have little voice in government."
"I feel as though I have never left home. Everything here is the same as it is in Athens."
"This society allows for more freedom of expression than I have ever experienced in Athens."
"I have never heard of a society like Sparta that believes in only one God."

25 One way in which Lech Walesa, Mikhail Gorbachev, and Nelson Mandela are similar is that each

led the people of his nation toward a more democratic government
fought for power for the black majority over the white minority
worked to end communism in his country
refused to participate in the United Nations

26 Which aspect of life in India demonstrates the influence of the British colonial period?

arranged marriages
religious tradition of Hinduism
constitutional government
caste system

27 Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in

supporting the divine right theory
debating the role of the Church in society
changing the relationship between people and their government
promoting increased powers for European monarchs

28 According to John Locke, the purpose of government is to

serve the monarch
protect the natural rights of individuals
create overseas settlements
stimulate the economy

29 In Two Treatises of Government, John Locke wrote that the purpose of government was to

keep kings in power
regulate the economy
expand territory
protect natural rights

30 Which statement would Social Darwinists most likely support?

Universal suffrage is a basic human right.
Political equality strengthens the effectiveness of government.
Stronger groups have the right to rule and control weaker groups.
Public education should be guaranteed to all members of a society.

31 Which heading best completes the partial outline below?

I. _____________________________

  • Market system
  • Profit incentive
  • Entrepreneurs

Forms of Government
Characteristics of Capitalism
Structure of the Guild System
Elements of Culture

32 The government of Japan is best described as

a military dictatorship
an absolute monarchy
a parliamentary system
a Communist dictatorship