Russia - Land of the Tsars

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The political, social, and economic landscape of Western Europe has changed since the Renaissance, and especially the Age of Exploration or First Global Age. While Western European Monarchs were becoming wealthier, a new Age of Absolutism emerged. Their power (political, social, economic, and intellectual) became absolute and indisputable with their subjects (people). Those monarchs used the theory of divine right to justify their rule and that their rule was given to them by God, and sometimes ruled with Machiavellian principles in mind and the End certainly justified the means.


Over in Eastern Europe, Russia was ruled by absolute monarchs known as czars/tsars. Their rule was just as strict as their Western European counterparts. The social hierarchy of Russia was the Monarch at the top, then the Russian Orthodox Officials, then the Boyars (nobles), and then the Middle Class, and the Serfs (peasants).