Global II Quizzes - Quiz 2a - Enlightenment

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1

Which principle is best supported by this excerpt?

	Divine Right
	Separation of Powers
	Universal Suffrage
	Self Determination

2 Which group’s ideas are best represented by this excerpt?

	Enlightenment philosophers
	Absolute Monarchs
	Communists
	Missionaries

3 Which pair of 20th-century leaders most clearly violated these principles in the excerpt above?

	Anwar Sadat and Charles DeGaulle
	Corazon Aquino and Margaret Thatcher
	Jawaharlal Nehru and Reza Pahlavi
	Pol Pot and Joseph Stalin

4

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[When] the legislature shall . . . grasp [for] themselves, or put into the hands of

any other, an absolute power over their lives, liberties, and estates of the people, . . .

they forfeit the power the people had put into their hands for quite contrary ends,

and it [passes] to the people, who have a right to resume their original liberty. . . .

— John Locke

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Which idea is expressed in this passage?

	The people should give up their liberty to create an orderly society.
	People have the right to rebel if their natural rights are denied.
	Governments should be obeyed regardless of their actions.
	Liberty can only be guaranteed in a direct democracy.

5 Which Enlightenment thinker believed the idea of absolutism was the best form of government?

	John Locke
	Baron de Montesquieu
	Thomas Hobbes
	Karl Marx

6 What book did John Locke write about the role of government?

	Leviathan
	The Communist Manifesto
	The Spirit of the Laws
	Two Treatises of Government

7

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“Why should freedom of speech and freedom of the press be allowed? Why should a

government, doing what it believes is right, allow itself to be criticized?

It would not allow opposition by lethal weapons. Ideas are much more fatal things than guns.”

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Which political belief would this speaker support?

	Societies need war to bring about progress.
	Education is a necessary ingredient for a stable society.
	All people are born with certain natural rights.
	The needs of the state are more important than the rights of individuals.

8 Which individual would most likely agree with the ideas expressed in this quotation above?

	Nelson Mandela
	Lech Walesa
	Benito Mussolini
	Mohandas Gandhi

9 Which Enlightenment thinker believed that free speech was extremely important for a civil society?

	John Locke
	Voltaire
	Thomas Hobbes
	Robespierre

10

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Speaker A: “The majesty of the king is borrowed from God,

who gives it to him for the good of the people.

It is good for the people to be checked by a superior force.”

Speaker B: “Reason . . . teaches that all men are equal and

independent, and that no one ought to harm another in his life,

health, liberty, or possessions.”

Speaker C: “My view is that it is desirable to be both loved

and feared; but it is difficult to achieve both, and, if one of them

has to be lacking, it is much safer to be feared than to be loved.”

Speaker D: “The enjoyment of liberty, and even its support and

preservation, consists in every man being allowed to speak his

thoughts and lay open his sentiments.”

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Which speaker’s statement best reflects the concept of divine right?

	A
	B
	C
	D

11 Which two speakers above would most likely support the idea of democracy?

	A and B
	B and C
	C and D
	B and D

12 Which Enlightenment philosopher supported the idea of divine right?

	Thomas Hobbes
	John Locke
	Baron de Motesquiue
	Karl Marx

13

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... Nor is there liberty if the power of judging is not separate from legislative

power and from executive power. If it were joined to legislative power, the power

over the life and liberty of the citizens would be arbitrary, for the judge would

be the legislator. If it were joined to executive power, the judge could have the

force of an oppressor....

—Baron de Montesquieu

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In this passage, Montesquieu is making reference to

	an enlightened despotism
	a policy of mercantilism
	a separation of powers
	a social contract

14 The legislature of a state is the

	lawmaking part of government
	judges whether laws are fair and valid
	enforces the laws of a nation
	creates human rights violations

15 John Locke believe that everyone is entitled to life,

liberty, and property. Life and liberty would be?

	earned by hard work
	natural rights, already given to a person at birth
	given to you by the government or ruler
	purchased by each individual